複数の膜貫通ドメインをもつサブユニットが集まりイオンチャネルを形成し、リガンドが結合すると受容体の構造が変化しイオンチャネルが開口する。
アセチルコリン受容体、グルタミン酸受容体、GABA受容体、グリシン受容体など、シナプスでのシグナル伝達に関与する。
Glutamate receptor 1
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P42261
グルタミン酸は多くのシナプスで興奮性の神経伝達物質となる。陽イオンチャネルを開口させて化学刺激を電気的なインパルスに変換する。
Ionotropic glutamate receptor. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate.
Subunit structurei
Homotetramer or heterotetramer of pore-forming glutamate receptor subunits. Tetramers may be formed by the dimerization of dimers. Interacts with DLG1 via its C-terminus. Found in a complex with GRIA2, GRIA3, GRIA4, CNIH2, CNIH3, CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG5, CACNG7 and CACNG8. Interacts with HIP1, RASGRF2, SYNDIG1 and LRFN1. Interacts with SNX27 (via PDZ domain); the interaction is required for recycling to the plasma membrane when endocytosed and prevent degradation in lysosomes. Interacts (via PDZ-binding motif) with SHANK3 (via PDZ domain).
アセチルコリン受容体
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02708
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
Subunit structurei
Pentamer of two alpha chains, and one each of the beta, delta, and gamma (in immature muscle) or epsilon (in mature muscle) chains.
