Phosphatidylcholine-sterol acyltransferase
- Central enzyme in the extracellular metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. Synthesized mainly in the liver and secreted into plasma where it converts cholesterol and phosphatidylcholines (lecithins) to cholesteryl esters and lysophosphatidylcholines on the surface of high and low density lipoproteins (HDLs and LDLs) (PubMed:10329423, PubMed:19065001, PubMed:26195816). The cholesterol ester is then transported back to the liver. Has a preference for plasma 16:0-18:2 or 18:O-18:2 phosphatidylcholines (PubMed:8820107). Also produced in the brain by primary astrocytes, and esterifies free cholesterol on nascent APOE-containing lipoproteins secreted from glia and influences cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) APOE- and APOA1 levels. Together with APOE and the cholesterol transporter ABCA1, plays a key role in the maturation of glial-derived, nascent lipoproteins. Required for remodeling high-density lipoprotein particles into their spherical forms (PubMed:10722751).
血漿リポタンパク質の細胞外代謝で中心的役割を持つ。主に肝臓で合成され分泌される。HDLおよびLDL上でレシチンの2位からアシル基をコレステロールに転位し、コレステロールエステルとリゾレシチンを生じる。
Activity regulationi
APOA1 is the most potent activator in plasma. Also activated by APOE, APOC1 and APOA4.
アポA1は最も有力な血漿中の活性化因子。アポE、アポC1、アポA4も活性化作用をもつ。
