Dual oxidase 1
EC=1.11.1.-
EC=1.6.3.1
- Alternative name(s)
- Large NOX 1 / Long NOX 1 / NADPH thyroid oxidase 1 / Thyroid oxidase 1
- Function
- Generates hydrogen peroxide which is required for the activity of thyroid peroxidase/TPO and lactoperoxidase/LPO. Plays a role in thyroid hormones synthesis and lactoperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial defense at the surface of mucosa. May have its own peroxidase activity through its N-terminal peroxidase-like domain. Ref.2 Ref.7
- Catalytic activity
- NAD(P)H + O2 = NAD(P)+ + H2O2. Ref.2 Ref.11
- Enzyme regulation
- The NADPH oxidase activity is calcium-dependent. Peroxidase activity is inhibited by aminobenzohydrazide. Ref.2 Ref.11
- Pathway
- Hormone biosynthesis; thyroid hormone biosynthesis.
- Subunit structure
- Interacts with TXNDC11, TPO and CYBA. Ref.10
- Subcellular location
- Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note: Localizes to the apical membrane of epithelial cells. Ref.1 Ref.8
- Tissue specificity
- Expressed in thyrocytes and tracheal surface epithelial cells (at protein level). Expressed in thyroid, trachea, bronchium, and to a lower extent, in placenta, testis, prostate, pancreas and heart. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.7 Ref.8
- Developmental stage
- Widely expressed in fetal tissues. Ref.2
- Induction
- By forskolin (at protein level). By thyrotropin and the Th2-specific cytokines IL-4 and IL-13. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.9 Ref.11
- Post-translational modification
- N-glycosylated. Ref.6
Sequence similarities
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the peroxidase family.
Contains 3 EF-hand domains.
Contains 1 FAD-binding FR-type domain.
Contains 1 ferric oxidoreductase domain.
