ヌクレオチダーゼ

核酸代謝
  • EC=3.1.3.5

さまざまな基質特異性、反応特異性、細胞内局在をもつヌクレオチダーゼが存在し、細胞内のヌクレオシド濃度を保つ。

  • Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A / Short name=cN1A :Dephosphorylates the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides and has a broad substrate specificity. Helps to regulate adenosine levels in heart during ischemia and hypoxia
  • Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1B :Dephosphorylates the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides. Helps to regulate adenosine levels.
  • Cytosolic purine 5'-nucleotidase: May have a critical role in the maintenance of a constant composition of intracellular purine/pyrimidine nucleotides in cooperation with other nucleotidases. Preferentially hydrolyzes inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP) and other purine nucleotides.
  • 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, mitochondrial: Dephosphorylates specifically the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of uracil and thymine deoxyribonucleotides, and so protects mitochondrial DNA replication from excess dTTP. Has only marginal activity towards dIMP and dGMP.
  • 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, cytosolic type　（Dephosphorylates the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides, with a preference for dUMP and dTMP, intermediate activity towards dGMP, and low activity towards dCMP and dAMP.）
  • 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT): Hydrolyzes extracellular nucleotides into membrane permeable nucleosides. Exhibits AMP-, NAD-, and NMN-nucleosidase activities.
  • Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 3A: Can act both as nucleotidase and as phosphotransferase.